Pipe-bending machine



1921 5 Shee1sSheet 1 INVENTOR. I Jfiaiz flrogaimg ATTORNEYS.

mm QN J BROGDEN PIPE BENDING MACHINE Filed NOV.

mm mm N x wrmim Qfl Nov. 13, 11923.

WITNESSES:

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Lfemiz flmgmsm BY 5) ATTORNEYS.

J BROGDEN PIPE BENDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 2, 1921 Nov. 13', 1923.

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Nov. 1-3, 1923. 1941739756 J; BROGDEN PIPE BENDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 2, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet; 5

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JO BROGIDEN, OF MELROSE PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TQ IDAVIED LUP'EON'E SONS CQMPANY, OI PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA'KIUN 01E PENN- srtvnnaa.

. Application filled November To all whom it may cmwem: I

Be it known that 1, Joan Bnoennn, a

citizen of the United States, residing at. Melrose Park, in the county of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in bending stove pipe or spout elbows from tubes of sheet metal.

In bending sheet metal pipes of circular cross section into elbows, it has long been common practice to form in them a succession or series of comparatively narrow wedge shaped crimps in securing, by close approximation, the desired unobstructed rounded configuration.

The primary object of my invention is to make it possible to bend corrugated pipes of rectangular cross section after the same general principle as that outlined above.

any attempts have been -ma-de to accomplish this result, but these have been unsuccessful on account of various difliculties that were to be met in avoiding deformation of the pipes. These difliculties l have entirely overcome, so that infaccordance with my invention, square pipe elbows may be manufactured just as uniformly, expeditiously and cheaply as has heretofore been the case with the round variety.

Other objects and attendant advantages of my invention will become readily apparent from the detailed description which follows.

In the drawings, Figure I is a plan view of a pipe bending machine conveniently embodylng my invention.

Fig. II isa side elevation of the same as it appears looking from the bottom of Fig. I.

Fig. 111 is an end view of the structure as observed from the right of Figsll and H showing the die mechanism whereby crimping of the pipes is efi'ected in forming the elbows.

Fig. IV is a longitudinal vertical sectional View of the machine.

Fig. V is a detail cross section viewed in the direction of the arrows Vf-V in' Figs.

I and IV.

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a, sear. semi'no. nae lap Figs. VI and Vlill are detail sectional news showing the cooperative elements of the die mechanism in two difierent positions.

the die mechanism.

Fig. IX is aperspective viewot the male die element or matrix; and 1 Fig. X is a perspective view of a corrugated ipe elbow of square cross section pro need in accordance with my in;

vention.

In the embodiment which I have shown for the purpose of illustration herein, the mandrel indicated at 1 is supported for reciprocation mainly by a bearing 2 which is mounted at the center of the top of a table 3 sustained at an appropriate heightfrom the floor by means of standards or pedestals 4-4:. The left-hand end of the mandrel 1 is squared as represented at 5, andv guided wit-hm a correspondingly shaped opening in the plate 6 of a bracket 7 which is secured to a transversely extending, fixed axle shaft 8 so as to be positively held against rotation in the course of its reciprocations. The shaft 8 is clamped in bearings 9-9 bolted to the top of the table 3 at the rear end of the machine. The mandrel derives its motion'from a rotary cam 10 on a shaft 11 journaled in appropriate bearings 12 and 13 which depend from the underside of the table 3. Said cam, by cooperation with rollers 1616 on the mandrel, serves to shift the latter back and forth within its bearin s.

Gui ed by the reduced out/er squared end 1? of the mandrel, with capacity for independent axial shifting, is a cross head 18 which is sustained by a suitable machined slideway upon the top of the table. To the front face of the cross head is secured an abutment plate 20, having an appropriately configured groove 21 for receiving the end of the corrugated square pipe P which is to be bent into the form of an elbow. The pipe is moved forward, step by step, under propulsion of the cross head 18, through a die mechanism 23 which forms a succession of crimps in a manner which will be later explained. The cross head is subject to the pull of a weight 24: appended to a chain 25 which extends from a rod 26 projecting rearwardly from the cross head. The rod 26 is guided in an upstanding aper- Fig. VHLis apartial cross section through in the manner which may be briefly described as follows:

The rear end of said cross head has a vertical central slot for accommodation and uidance ofa gravity dog 30 (Figs. IV and adapted for cooperation with notches 31 on the top of the reduced end 17 of the mandrel 1. The cross head, furthermore carries a second gravity dog in the form 0 a yoke 32 which encompasses both the mandrel and the dog 30 and whose lower hori- Zontal cross bar is designed for coordination with notches 33 of a toothed rack 34 fixed to the top of the table 3 directly beneath the reduced end 17 of the mandrel. Assuming the parts to be in the position shown in said figure, and the mandrel to be moving rearwardl it will be apparent that in the course of this action, the dog 32, by reason of its engagement with the rack 34,

holds the cross head stationary, while the dog 30 ields to being raised by the incline of the rst notch 31 in the mandrel. When the latter is fully retracted, the dog 30 will drop into the next succeeding notch 31, since the motion induced in the mandrel by the cam 10 is just slightly in excess of the spacing or pitch of the notches. In the movement of the mandrel in the o posite direction, the cross head will be shlfted forward until the dog 32 drops into the next adjacent notch 33 of the toothed rack 34. Thus it will be seen that said dogs are independently and alternately operative, and moreover that one acts as a check upon the other. In this way, the pipe P is intermittently progressed forwardly until the last tooth of the mandrel has functioned, when the cross head is released to slide back upon the mandrel under the pullof the weight 24 to its initial or startin position in the manner hereinafter set orth in greater detail. The dogs 30 and 32 are coupled by means of a bolt 35, but this connection does not interfere with their independent normal action as afore- 'said.

Referring now to the die mechanism 23 whose details are shown to best advantage in Figs. III, IV, VI, VII, VIII and IX it will be observed that the matrix element is in the form of a rectan lar head 40 which fits accurately within t e pipe P. Said head comprises two complementary parts 41 and 42, which are so constructed as to afford between them, acrevice or forming groove 43 which, as best seen in Figs. VI, to IX inclusive, extends continuously about three of oove of uniform width at the top of the head -wherefrom it converges downwardly along another and secured to the front faces of,

slides 48-48.. Said slides are mounted in angularly disposed guideways 49-49 of a superstructure 50 mounted on the table 3 at the front end of the machine. The slides 48-48 are reciprocated in the inclined guide-ways through the instrumentalit of eccentrics 51-51 mounted upon the sha t 11 adjacent the inside of the bearing 13. The rods 54, 54 of the eccentrics 51, 51 are pivoted at their upper ends as indicated at 55-55 of the drawings, to the back of the slides 48-48, in Fig. III. The die elements 47-47 have angular bights 56-56 with comparativel sharp beveled edges which force the meta of the pipe into the forming crevice 43 of the matrix head 40. The top portions of said bights are horizontal and the included angles are slightly more than quadrants so that tapering indentations are made in the sides of the'pipe P by cooperation with the convergent portions" of the forming groove in the side faces of the matrix head. The roundings 57-57- at the region of the vertices of the an Ice of the bights serve to properly indent t e beveled corners of the tube at the top, and short lateral extensions 58-58 of the die elements are provided for similarly indenting the lower beveled corners of the pipe. It is to be particularly noted that the paths of movement of the male die elements 47-47 are in directions diagonally of the pipe as manifested b .the dot and dash lines in Figs. III and VIII. The operation of indenting the pipe is in this way greatly facilitatedsince the sharp edges of the bights 56 are all'operative at the same time and their movement (with the exception of that of the extensions 58-58 which is in a direction substantially parallel to the slopes of the lower pipe corners) at a comparatively easy angle with relation to the upper and side faces of the pipe acted upon so that the metal is very gradually displaced to the exclusion of any possibility whatever of fracture.

Immediately after the pipe has been' in-' revenue the front end of the ipe is given an angular tilt or bend as cleari y shown in Fi VII of the drawings. The formation of t e crimp is made possible through the assistance of an apertured plate 60 which is located directly to the rearv of the path of movement of the die elements 47-47 and secured to a removable supporting member 61 screwed within a recess at the back of the super structure 50. The opening 63 of the plate 60 is rectangular and just large enough to accommodate the pipe P so as to steady the same and prevent spreading thereof during crimping. At its forward end said opening has an internal perimetrlcal recess 64 which extends across its top and terminates converigently at the sides thereof. This recess serves to accommodate the displaced metal of the pipe indented, and cpoperates with the die head or matrix 40 1n the crimping motion. The continued operation of the die mechanism as explained results in the production of a series of cum s C which according to their number etermine the angle of the bend of the finished elbow as will be apparent from Fig. X of the drawings. Means are provided, as will be presently described, whereby the number of crimps to be made inthe pipe may be predetermined.

In order to prevent the displacement of the pipe P from the groove of the abutment plate 20 during the forward movement of the cross head 18 and also to assist in preventing spreading of the pipe during bending, a supplemental implement in the form of a grooved collar 65 is employed, said 1mplement being applied to the outer end of the pipe, by means of suitable clam screws 66 provided for this purpose. Sai implement has a handle 67 capable of being readily grasped by an operative in applying sufiicient manual pressure to maintain the pipe seated in the groove of the buttress plate as aforesaid.

The machine is actuated by a continuously revolving pulley 70 mounted for free rotation upon the fixed axle shaft 8 at one side of the machine. The pulley may be coordinated with any suitable source of power, (not shown) and to its inner side is fixed a gear wheel 71 which drives .a gear 72 mounted upon a counter shaft 73.

Said counter shaft is journaled for rotation in bearings 74 of the table 3 and has keyed to it, a bevel gear 75 which, through an intermeshing bevel gear 76, imparts rotative motion to the shaft 11.

For the purpose of connecting and disconnecting the gear 72 from the shaft 73, T have provided a clutch mechanism which is: conventionally represented at in Fig. IV, and which may be of any approved type, detailed illustration thereof havin therefore been omitted from the drawings for this reason. It is capable of being actuated by a control lever 81 secured on a shaft 82 at one side of the table 3, and when the machine is to be started, the handle 83 of the lever is depressed which permits automatic operation of the clutch to couple the gear wheel 72 with the shaft 73. When thus shifted the lever is locked temporarily by means of a hook 84 pivoted at 85 to the top of the table 3, said hook engaging with the notched arm 86 secured to the fulcrum shaft 82 with the lever 81. The hook has an upstandingprojection 87 which lies within the path of an adjustable screw 88 on an .arm 89 projecting laterally from the cross head 18 as clearly shown in Fig. 1. Thus it will; be seen that as the cross head reaches the forward limit of its travel, the screw will engage the upstanding end of the hook and release the latter from engagement with the element, thereby causing disengagement of the clutch and stoppage of the machine upon completion of each elbow.

After the cross head 18 has been moved forward to the fullest extent, it is released automatically to withdraw to the original or starting pos tion under pull of the weight 24.- in preparation fora succeeding bending operation. This is accomplished by a trip device 90 carried by the cross head. Said device includes a shaft 91 mounted for free oscillation in the cross head and having at one end a spring pulled arm 92 operative in maintaining the same in angular positions at opposite sides of the perpendicular through said shaft. On the other end of the shaft 91 is secured an element 93 having a finger 94 which together with a similar finger 95 forming a part of the arm 92 previously referred to, is adapted to engage beneat lateral projections of the dog 32 (Fig. V) to lift the same together with the dog 30 (by aid of the bolt 35) to release the two from engagement with the notches in the mandrel 1 and the rack 34 respectively. The last or outermost tooth of the mandrel is made purposely smaller than the others, and serves, after the last crimp has been made in the pipe, to move the cross head forward an additional step-just sufficient to bring about engagement of the element 93 with a stop 96 projecting rearwardly from the superstructure 50. In encountering the stop, the element 93 will be rotated clockwise thus swinging the arm 92 to a position on the opposite side of the center of shaft '91 in which position it will remain until again engaged upon full retraction of the cross head as will be presently disclosed.

In its rearward movement after being freed as just explained, the cross head 18 encounters a stop in the form of blocks 97 located directly forward of the bearing 2. The limit to which the cross head is retracted may be varied simply by removing these blocks and replacing the same by others of the same character but of different lengths. By this arrangement various numbers of the teeth 31 of the mandrel 1 may be emplo ed in obtaining correspondin variations 1n the number of crim 's produced in the pipe and in the angle of t e resulting elbow.

In the course of the retraction of the head 18 the element 93 of the tripping mechanism cross head by transposing one or more of the collars 100 from the back end of the rod to a position intermediate the shoulder of the latter in the front face of the hearing 2.

It .is thought that the successive step .involved in bending of the pipe into the form of an elbow in accordance with my invention are readily understandable from the foregoing and a separate detailed description of the operation of the machine generally has been omitted to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. A machine for bending pipes of rectangular cross section, comprising die mechanism including a matrix in the form of a head, over which the pipe to be bent is mounted, said head having a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pipe and also a perimetrical forming groove; and opposed diagonally movable complementary male die elements having 0btuse bights adapted to force the metal of the pipe into the forming groove of said matrix.

2. A machine for bending pipes of rectangular cross section, comprising die mechanism includin a matrix in the form of a head, over which the pipe to be bent is mounted, said head having a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pipe and also a forming groove extending continuously about three of its sides; and opposed diagonally movable complementary male die elements having obtuse bights adapted toforce the metal of the pipe into the three sections of the groove of the matrix at one time.

3. A machine for bending pipes of rectangular cross section, comprising die mechanism includin a matrix in ,the form of a head over which the pipe to be bent is mounted, said head having a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pi e and-also a forming groove which exten s at" a uniform width across one face of the head and continues convergently to mentary male die elements havin vanish points at opposite sides'of the head; and opposeddiagonally movable compleobtuse bights ada ted to force the met of the pipe into t e groove'of the matrix.

.4. A machine for bending pipes of rectangular cross section, comprising die mechanism including a matrix in the form of a head, over which the ipe to be bent is mounted, said head havmg a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pipe and also a forming groove extending continuousl about three of its lateral facesyand a pair of angularly movable, cooperative and complementary male die elementshaving obtuse bights for engaging the pipe from opposite sides in directions diagonally of the latter to force the metal of said pipe into the groove of the matrix.

5. A machine for bending-pipes of rectangular cross section, comprising die mechanism including a matrix in the form of 'a head over which the pipe to be bent is mounted, said head-having a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pipe and also a perimetrical forming groove about three of its sides; a pair of angularly movable, cooperative and complementary male die elements having obtuse bights for engaging the pipe in dia onal directions from opposite sides to orce the metal of said pipe into the groove of the matrix; and mechanism for actuating said male die elements simultaneously.

6. A machine for bending pipes of rectangularcross' section, comprising die mechanism includin a matrix in the form of a head over which the pipe to be bent is mounted, said head having a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pipe, and also a perimetrical forming groove around three of its sides; a pair ofangularly movable, cooperative and complementary male die elements for engaging the pipe in diagonal directions from opposite sides to force the metal of the pipe into the groove of the matrix; means for imparting reciprocatory movement to said head; a fixed apertured member located immediately adjacent the path of movement of said male die elements whereby, the pipe is sustained against deformation during the operation of said die elements, the aperture of said member being recessed for cooperation with the matrix head, during movement of the latter, in folding over the displaced metal of the indentation in the form of a crimp.

7. A machine for bending pipes of rectangular cross section, comprislng die mechanism including a matrix in the form of a head over which the pipe to be bent is mounted, said head having a configuration corresponding accurately to the interior of the pipe and also a perimetrical forming ama-wee groove around three of its sides; a pair of angularly movable, cooperative and complementary male die elements for engaging the pipe in diagonaldirections from opposite sides to force the metal of the pipe into the groove of the matrix; guideways for said die elements; and means for impartingreeiprooatory motion to said die elements including a drive shaft; and eccentrics secured to said drive shaft and pivotally connected to said die elements.

In testimony whereof, l[ have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this 26th day of, October, 1921.

JOAH BROGDEN.

Witnesses:

JAMES H. BELL; E. L. FULLERTON. 

